5. DEFINING AND NON-DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES





DEFINING: no commas, who/that, which/that. Who/that, which/that can be omitted if they are not subject of the relative clause.

The boy who/that works at the supermarket is my brother. 
The boy (who/that) we saw at the entrance is my brother.
 

The city where he lives is very expensive.
 
The woman whose daughter won the prize is very happy.
 
 

NON-DEFINING: commas, only who, only which, never that, pronouns are never omitted.
 
Marcos, who works at the supermarket, is my brother.

New York, where he lives, is very expensive. 
 
Kylie, whose daughter won the prize, is very happy. 

                                                                                                                             

1.-The woman ………….. is sitting at the desk is Mr Winter's secretary.

2.-Mr Yeast, ………… I admire a lot, is a great teacher.

3.-Jane, …………….mother is a physician, is very good at biology.

4.-She didn’t see the snake ……………  they brought to school.

5.-Do you know the shop …………………Andrew picked me up?

6.-Harrods, …………… is a really expensive shop, is famous for sales.

7.-London, ……………..is the capital of Britain, is a Cosmopolitan city. 



COMBINE THESE SENTENCES USING A RELATIVE PRONOUN.

We ordered a book. It was very expensive. 
We order a book which/that was very expensive. 
 
  1. You are sitting on a bench. The paint on the bench is still wet.
  2. The photographer could not develop the pictures. I had taken them in Australia.
  3. One of the bins smells awful. You haven’t emptied the bin for 3 weeks.
  4. They are singing a song. I don’t know the song.
  5. Cáceres is near Portugal. Cáceres has an impressive medieval part.
  6. The city seems to be abandoned. It is usually crowded with people.
  7. You made an offer. We cannot accept it.
  8. A midwife is a woman. She assists other women in childbirth.
  9. Three youngsters were arrested by the police. They had committed criminal offences.
  10. The World Wide Web has become an essential part of our lives. It was invented by Tim Berners-Lee.

 




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